Russia's, or I should say Putin's, security concerns may be legitimate from their perspective, but aren't legitimate in the real world. It's like Mexico asking the US to remove military bases from Texas because it makes them nervous.
The leaked call is weak sauce when you consider the absolutely direct meddling and undermining of Ukraine as a nation done by Russia since it gained independence. My lord, it is not even comparable. They've fixed elections, all sorts of things (and I don't mean the weak US election interference, I mean direct fixing). We are talking about an independent nation here that CLEARLY wanted to align with the West, not a Soviet republic no matter how much Putin wishes it still was one.
Really what the West did was model a prosperous, open, free society, and the success of Poland, Romania, and Hungary made Ukranians want the same. That is really the underlying issue. Being under the Russian sphere of influence means being held back by corrupt and subservient government. They know about that first hand and wanted no part of it any longer, hence 2014.
We absolutely had the right to arm Ukraine because they've been invaded repeatedly by Russia and continually have been undermined and interfered with. Anyone knew more was coming. The US big mistake was not arming them more and preemptively taking our direct involvement off the table. We, the collective West, were weak and beholden to Russian gas $.